Políporo o Polyporus

Polyporus umbellatus

Nome usuale in castigliano: Polyporus
Nome scientifico: Polyporus umbellatus o Grifola umbellata
Nome usuale in inglese: Umbrella polypore
Nome giapponese: Choreimaitake
Nome cinese: Zhu-ling

Si tratta di un fungo commestibile a carne bianca fibrosa non troppo apprezzato né in Occidente né in Oriente. Nutrizionalmente, a parte l’alto contenuto proteico, è noto per la sua relativa abbondanza di rame e zinco.

Azione diuretica

Favorisce l’eliminazione di un eccesso di liquido linfatico di alcuni edemi e la famosa “ritenzione di liquidi”.

Sistema immunitario

Aumentando la fagocitosi indotta da polisaccaridi.

Azione terapeutica secondo la Medicina Tradizionale Cinese (MTC)

Usato contro il Tang (catarro nel senso più ampio) e il blocco dei meridiani per l’acqua stagnante. È comunemente impiegato come diuretico e per molte condizioni del tratto urogenitale (calore e umidità nella zona addominale inferiore). Anche per problemi renali, calcoli e colica renale associata.

Riferimenti

1. Tan XL, Guo L, Wang GH. Polyporus umbellatus inhibited tumor cell proliferation and promoted tumor cell apoptosis by down-regulating AKT in breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016 Oct;83:526-535. PubMed PMID: 27447121.
2. Zhang GW, Qin GF, Han B, Li CX, Yang HG, et al. Efficacy of Zhuling polyporus polysaccharide with BCG to inhibit bladder carcinoma. Carbohydr Polym. 2015 Mar 15; 118:30-5. PubMed PMID: 25542103.
3. Yoon JJ, Lee YJ, Lee SM, Kang DG, Lee HS. Oryeongsan suppressed high glucose-induced mesangial fibrosis. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Feb 22; 15:30. PubMed PMID: 25880429; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4354744.
4. Zhao YY. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and quality control of Polyporus umbellatus (Pers) Fries: a review. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Aug 26;149(1):35-48. PubMed PMID: 23811047.
5. Hun Son K, Young Heo M. Inhibitory effects of Korean indigenous plants on tyrosinase and melanogenesis. J Cosmet Sci. 2013 Mar-Apr;64(2):145-58. PubMed PMID: 23578837.
6. Zhao YY, Zhang L, Long FY, Cheng XL, Bai X, et al. UPLC-Q-TOF/HSMS/MS(E)-based metabonomics for adenine-induced changes in metabolic profiles of rat faeces and intervention effects of ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one. Chem Biol Interact. 2013 Jan 25;201(1-3):31-8. PubMed PMID: 23246428.
7. Sun Y, Liang X, Zhao Y, Fan J. A sensitive spectrofluorometric method for determination of ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one in rat plasma, feces, and urine for application to pharmacokinetic studies using cerium (III) as a probe. Appl Spectrosc. 2013 Jan;67(1):106-11. PubMed PMID: 23317677.
8. Dai H, Han XQ, Gong FY, Dong H, Tu PF, et al. Structure elucidation and immunological function analysis of a novel β-glucan from the fruit bodies of Polyporus umbellatus (Pers) Fries. Glycobiology. 2012 Dec;22(12):1673-83. PubMed PMID: 22717313.
9. Zhao YY, Zhang L, Mao JR, Cheng XH, Lin RC, et al. Ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one isolated from Polyporus umbellatus prevents early renal injury in aristolochic acid-induced nephropathy rats. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2011 Dec;63(12):1581-6. PubMed PMID: 22060289.
10. Li X, Xu W. TLR4-mediated activation of macrophages by the polysaccharide fraction from Polyporus umbellatus(pers) Fries. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Apr 26;135(1):1-6. PubMed PMID: 20600759.
11. Zhang G, Zeng X, Li C, Li J, Huang Y, et al. Inhibition of urinary bladder carcinogenesis by aqueous extract of sclerotia of Polyporus umbellatus fries and polyporus polysaccharide. Am J Chin Med. 2011;39(1):135-44. PubMed PMID: 21213404.
12. Zhao YY, Qin XY, Zhang Y, Lin RC, Sun WJ, et al. Quantitative HPLC method and pharmacokinetic studies of ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one, a natural product with diuretic activity from Polyporus umbellatus. Biomed Chromatogr. 2010 Oct;24(10):1120-4. PubMed PMID: 20853466.
13. Li X, Xu W, Chen J. Polysaccharide purified from Polyporus umbellatus (Per) Fr induces the activation and maturation of murine bone-derived dendritic cells via toll-like receptor 4. Cell Immunol. 2010;265(1):50-6. PubMed PMID: 20673883.
14. Zhang G, Zeng X, Han L, Wei JA, Huang H. Diuretic activity and kidney medulla AQP1, AQP2, AQP3, V2R expression of the aqueous extract of sclerotia of Polyporus umbellatus FRIES in normal rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Mar 24;128(2):433-7. PubMed PMID: 20083182.
15. Zhao YY, Xie RM, Chao X, Zhang Y, Lin RC, et al. Bioactivity-directed isolation, identification of diuretic compounds from Polyporus umbellatus. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Oct 29;126(1):184-7. PubMed PMID: 19665537.
16. Xiong LL. [Therapeutic effect of combined therapy of Salvia miltiorrhizae and Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharide in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1993 Sep;13(9):533-5, 516-7. PubMed PMID: 8111209.